Course Description
Sure! Here is a summary of key grammar concepts typically covered at the B1 level in French:

1. *Subjunctive Mood (Le Subjonctif)*
– Used to express desires, doubts, the unknown, emotions, and necessity.
– *Present Subjunctive Conjugations*:
– *-er Verbs*: que je parle, que tu parles, qu’il/elle/on parle, que nous parlions, que vous parliez, qu’ils/elles parlent
– *-ir Verbs*: que je finisse, que tu finisses, qu’il/elle/on finisse, que nous finissions, que vous finissiez, qu’ils/elles finissent
– *-re Verbs*: que je vende, que tu vendes, qu’il/elle/on vende, que nous vendions, que vous vendiez, qu’ils/elles vendent
– *Common Irregular Verbs*:
– *être*: que je sois, que tu sois, qu’il/elle/on soit, que nous soyons, que vous soyez, qu’ils/elles soient
– *avoir*: que j’aie, que tu aies, qu’il/elle/on ait, que nous ayons, que vous ayez, qu’ils/elles aient
– *faire*: que je fasse, que tu fasses, qu’il/elle/on fasse, que nous fassions, que vous fassiez, qu’ils/elles fassent
– *aller*: que j’aille, que tu ailles, qu’il/elle/on aille, que nous allions, que vous alliez, qu’ils/elles aillent

2. *Imperfect Tense (L’Imparfait)*
– Used to describe ongoing or repeated actions in the past.
– *Conjugation*: Remove the -ons ending from the present tense nous form and add the imperfect endings: -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient
– Example: je parlais (I was speaking), tu finissais (You were finishing), il/elle/on vendait (He/She was selling)

3. *Past Perfect (Le Plus-que-parfait)*
– Used to describe actions that had happened before another past action.
– *Form*: Imperfect of avoir or être + past participle
– Example: j’avais parlé (I had spoken), tu avais fini (You had finished), il/elle/on avait vendu (He/She had sold), nous étions partis (We had left)

4. *Future Tense (Le Futur Simple)*
– Used to describe actions that will happen.
– *Conjugation*: Infinitive + future endings: -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont
– Example: je parlerai (I will speak), tu finiras (You will finish), il/elle/on vendra (He/She will sell)
– *Irregular Verbs*:
– *être*: je serai
– *avoir*: j’aurai
– *faire*: je ferai
– *aller*: j’irai
– *venir*: je viendrai
– *voir*: je verrai

5. *Conditional Tense (Le Conditionnel Présent)*
– Used to express what would happen under certain circumstances.
– *Conjugation*: Infinitive + imperfect endings: -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient
– Example: je parlerais (I would speak), tu finirais (You would finish), il/elle/on vendrait (He/She would sell)

6. *Conditional Perfect (Le Conditionnel Passé)*
– Used to describe what would have happened.
– *Form*: Conditional of avoir or être + past participle
– Example: j’aurais parlé (I would have spoken), tu aurais fini (You would have finished), il/elle/on aurait vendu (He/She would have sold), nous serions partis (We would have left)

7. *Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns Together*
– *Order*: Me, te, se, nous, vous before le, la, les before lui, leur
– Example: Je le lui donne (I give it to him/her), Tu me les envoies (You send them to me)

8. *Relative Pronouns*
– *Qui* (who, which) – subject of the clause
– *Que* (whom, which) – object of the clause
– *Dont* (whose, of which)
– *Lequel / Laquelle / Lesquels / Lesquelles* (which) – used after prepositions
– Example: La maison *qui* est grande (The house which is big), Le livre *que* tu lis (The book that you read), La personne *dont* je parle (The person I am talking about), Les choses *avec lesquelles* je travaille (The things with which I work)

9. *Pronouns “Y” and “En”*
– *Y*: Replaces a prepositional phrase with à, en, sur, chez, etc.
– Example: J’y vais (I am going there)
– *En*: Replaces a phrase with de (of/from) or a quantity
– Example: J’en veux (I want some), J’en ai trois (I have three of them)

10. *Negative Expressions*
– *Ne … pas* (not)
– *Ne … jamais* (never)
– *Ne … rien* (nothing)
– *Ne … personne* (nobody)
– *Ne … plus* (no longer)
– Example: Je ne parle pas (I don’t speak), Il ne mange jamais (He never eats), Nous ne voyons personne (We see nobody)

11. *Interrogative Pronouns*
– *Qui* (who)
– *Que / Qu’* (what)
– *Lequel / Laquelle / Lesquels / Lesquelles* (which one)
– *Quoi* (what) – used after a preposition
– Example: *Qui* est-ce ? (Who is it?), *Que* fais-tu ? (What are you doing?), *Lequel* préfères-tu ? (Which one do you prefer?), *À quoi* penses-tu ? (What are you thinking about?)

12. *Prepositions of Time*
– *Depuis* (since, for)
– *Pendant* (during)
– *Pour* (for)
– *Il y a* (ago)
– Example: J’étudie le français *depuis* deux ans (I have been studying French for two years), Il a travaillé ici *pendant* un an (He worked here for a year), Nous partons *pour* une semaine (We are leaving for a week), Il est parti *il y a* trois jours (He left three days ago)

13. *Expressions of Quantity*
– *Beaucoup de* (a lot of)
– *Peu de* (few)
– *Trop de* (too much/many)
– *Assez de* (enough)
– *Un peu de* (a little of)
– Example: Il y a *beaucoup de* livres (There are a lot of books), Elle a *peu de* temps (She has little time)

14. *Adverbs of Frequency*
– *Toujours* (always)
– *Souvent* (often)
– *Parfois* (sometimes)
– *Rarement* (rarely)
– *Jamais* (never)
– Example: Je vais *toujours* à la plage (I always go to the beach), Il lit *parfois* des livres (He sometimes reads books)

15. *Comparatives and Superlatives*
– *Comparatives*: plus … que (more … than), moins … que (less … than), aussi … que (as … as)
– Example: Elle est *plus grande que* lui (She is taller than him), Il est *moins rapide que* toi (He is less fast than you), Elle est *aussi intelligente que* sa sœur (She is as intelligent as her sister)
– *Superlatives*: le/la/les plus … de (the most … of), le/la/les moins … de (the least … of)
– Example: C’est *le plus grand* bâtiment *de la ville* (It is the tallest building in the city), Elle est *la moins bavarde de la classe* (She is the least talkative in the class)

16. *Expressions of Time*
– *Maintenant* (now)
– *Aujourd’hui* (today)
– *Demain* (tomorrow)
– *Hier* (yesterday)
– *Ce matin* (this morning)
– *Cet après-midi* (this afternoon)
– *Ce soir* (this evening)
– *La semaine prochaine* (next week)
– *Le mois prochain* (next month)
– *L’année prochaine* (next year)
– Example: *Demain*, je vais au cinéma (Tomorrow, I am going to the cinema)

17. *Indirect Speech*
– Reporting what someone else said.
– Example: Il a dit qu’il viendrait (He said he would come), Elle a demandé si tu viendrais (She asked if you would