Course Description
Sure! Here is a summary of key grammar concepts typically covered at the A2 level in Chinese (Mandarin):

1. *Sentence Structure Variations*
– *Topic-Comment Structure*: This structure often places the topic at the beginning of the sentence, followed by the comment.
– Example: 这个苹果，我喜欢。(Zhège píngguǒ, wǒ xǐhuān.) – This apple, I like.

2. *More Verbs*
– *可以 (kěyǐ)* – can, may (used for permission)
– Example: 我可以进来吗？(Wǒ kěyǐ jìnlái ma?) – Can I come in?
– *会 (huì)* – can, know how to (used for ability)
– Example: 我会说中文。(Wǒ huì shuō Zhōngwén.) – I can speak Chinese.
– *要 (yào)* – want, will
– Example: 我要咖啡。(Wǒ yào kāfēi.) – I want coffee.
– *想 (xiǎng)* – think, would like to
– Example: 我想去。(Wǒ xiǎng qù.) – I would like to go.
– *应该 (yīnggāi)* – should
– Example: 你应该学习。(Nǐ yīnggāi xuéxí.) – You should study.
– *能 (néng)* – can, be able to (used for capability or possibility)
– Example: 我能游泳。(Wǒ néng yóuyǒng.) – I can swim.

3. *Negation Variations*
– *不会 (bù huì)* – will not, cannot (for abilities)
– Example: 我不会游泳。(Wǒ bù huì yóuyǒng.) – I cannot swim.
– *不能 (bù néng)* – cannot (for capability or permission)
– Example: 我不能去。(Wǒ bù néng qù.) – I cannot go.

4. *Question Particles*
– *呢 (ne)* – used to form follow-up questions or to ask “what about?”
– Example: 你呢？(Nǐ ne?) – What about you?
– *吧 (ba)* – used to make suggestions or soften commands
– Example: 我们走吧。(Wǒmen zǒu ba.) – Let’s go.

5. *Time Expressions*
– *时候 (shíhou)* – when (used to indicate time)
– Example: 你什么时候回来？(Nǐ shénme shíhou huílái?) – When will you come back?
– *以前 (yǐqián)* – before
– Example: 吃饭以前，洗手。(Chīfàn yǐqián, xǐ shǒu.) – Wash your hands before eating.
– *以后 (yǐhòu)* – after
– Example: 下课以后，我回家。(Xiàkè yǐhòu, wǒ huí jiā.) – I go home after class.

6. *Measure Words Expansion*
– *件 (jiàn)* – for clothes, events, etc.
– Example: 一件衣服 (yī jiàn yīfú) – a piece of clothing.
– *条 (tiáo)* – for long, thin objects like pants, rivers, etc.
– Example: 一条裤子 (yī tiáo kùzi) – a pair of pants.
– *双 (shuāng)* – for pairs
– Example: 一双鞋 (yī shuāng xié) – a pair of shoes.
– *辆 (liàng)* – for vehicles
– Example: 一辆车 (yī liàng chē) – a car.
– *家 (jiā)* – for families, businesses
– Example: 一家公司 (yī jiā gōngsī) – a company.

7. *Basic Prepositions and Conjunctions*
– *因为…所以… (yīnwèi… suǒyǐ…)* – because… therefore…
– Example: 因为下雨，所以我们不去。(Yīnwèi xiàyǔ, suǒyǐ wǒmen bù qù.) – Because it is raining, we are not going.
– *虽然…但是… (suīrán… dànshì…)* – although… but…
– Example: 虽然他很忙，但是他来了。(Suīrán tā hěn máng, dànshì tā lái le.) – Although he is very busy, he came.

8. *Adverbs of Degree*
– *很 (hěn)* – very
– Example: 我很高兴。(Wǒ hěn gāoxìng.) – I am very happy.
– *非常 (fēicháng)* – extremely
– Example: 天气非常热。(Tiānqì fēicháng rè.) – The weather is extremely hot.
– *有点儿 (yǒudiǎnr)* – a little
– Example: 我有点儿累。(Wǒ yǒudiǎnr lèi.) – I am a little tired.

9. *Adverbs of Frequency*
– *总是 (zǒngshì)* – always
– Example: 他总是迟到。(Tā zǒngshì chídào.) – He is always late.
– *经常 (jīngcháng)* – often
– Example: 我经常去那里。(Wǒ jīngcháng qù nàlǐ.) – I often go there.
– *有时候 (yǒu shíhou)* – sometimes
– Example: 我有时候跑步。(Wǒ yǒu shíhou pǎobù.) – I sometimes run.
– *很少 (hěn shǎo)* – rarely
– Example: 我很少看电视。(Wǒ hěn shǎo kàn diànshì.) – I rarely watch TV.
– *从不 (cóng bù)* – never
– Example: 我从不喝酒。(Wǒ cóng bù hējiǔ.) – I never drink alcohol.

10. *Possessive and Descriptive Marker 的 (de)*
– Used to indicate possession or description.
– Example: 这是我的书。(Zhè shì wǒ de shū.) – This is my book.
– Example: 她是我的朋友。(Tā shì wǒ de péngyǒu.) – She is my friend.

11. *Expressing Preferences*
– *更 (gèng)* – more (used for comparisons)
– Example: 我更喜欢夏天。(Wǒ gèng xǐhuān xiàtiān.) – I like summer more.
– *最 (zuì)* – most
– Example: 她最漂亮。(Tā zuì piàoliang.) – She is the most beautiful.

12. *Basic Modal Verbs*
– *应该 (yīnggāi)* – should
– Example: 你应该学习。(Nǐ yīnggāi xuéxí.) – You should study.
– *需要 (xūyào)* – need
– Example: 我需要帮助。(Wǒ xūyào bāngzhù.) – I need help.
– *必须 (bìxū)* – must
– Example: 你必须去。(Nǐ bìxū qù.) – You must go.

13. *Making Comparisons*
– *比 (bǐ)* – than (used for comparisons)
– Example: 他比我高。(Tā bǐ wǒ gāo.) – He is taller than me.
– *跟…一样 (gēn… yīyàng)* – the same as
– Example: 你的书跟我的书一样。(Nǐ de shū gēn wǒ de shū yīyàng.) – Your book is the same as mine.

14. *Time Expressions Expansion*
– *早上 (zǎoshang)* – morning
– *中午 (zhōngwǔ)* – noon
– *下午 (xiàwǔ)* – afternoon
– *晚上 (wǎnshang)* – evening
– *今天 (jīntiān)* – today
– *明天 (míngtiān)* – tomorrow
– *昨天 (zuótiān)* – yesterday
– Example: 今天是星期五。(Jīntiān shì xīngqīwǔ.) – Today is Friday.

15. *Basic Conjunctions*
– *和 (hé)* – and
– Example: 我和你 (wǒ hé nǐ) – You and I.
– *但是 (dànshì)* – but
– Example: 我喜欢苹果，但是我不喜欢香蕉 (wǒ xǐhuān píngguǒ, dànshì wǒ bù xǐhuān xiāngjiāo) –